JLPT Basic, JLPT Course
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Japanese Adjective Course
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Adjective List (Ordered by Frequency)
Lesson 3: na-adj
There are six forms in ナ-adj.
They are Negative Form, Past Tense Form, Negative Past Tense Form, Te Form, Adverb Form, Noun Form.
| Word | Meaning |
| 静か | quiet |
| 好き | like |
| 下手 | be not good at |
| Form | How to convert |
| Negative Form | Add ではない/ではありません in the end. Note: ではありません is the polite form and ではない is the plain form. Examples: 静か→静かではない/静かではありません 好き→好きではない/好きではありません 下手→下手ではない/下手ではありません |
| Past Tense Form | Add だった/でした in the end. Note: でした is the polite form and だった is the plain form. Examples: 静か→静かだった/静かでした 好き→好きだった/好きでした 下手→下手だった/下手でした |
| Negative Past Tense Form | Add ではなかった/ではありませんでした in the end. Note: You can use じゃ to replace では in oral Japanese. such as じゃない/じゃありません. Examples: 静か→静かではなかった/静かではありませんでした 好き→好きではなかった/好きではありませんでした 下手→下手ではなかった/下手ではありませんでした |
| Te Form | Add で in the end. Note: Te Form of adjectives has nothing to do with “please”, it’s used in many Japanese grammar rules you will learn in the later grammar lessons. Examples: 静か→静かで 好き→好きで 下手→下手で |
| Adverb Form | Add に in the end. Examples: 静か→静かに(Example: 静かにしてください。→Please be quiet!) 好き→好きに 下手→下手に |
| Noun Form | You don’t need to do anything. Usually, na-adj that only has two kanji can function as a noun. Such as 安全(safe, safety)、危険(risky, risk) . Not all na-adj has noun form. |
Practice:
You can use the words below to practice what you have learned in this lesson.
| Word | Meaning |
| 嫌い | dislike |
| きれい | beautiful |
| 親切 | kind |
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i-adj List
10 thoughts on “Lesson 3: na-adj”
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How do I know which one is イ- and which one is ナ-adj?
If an adj has い in the end, then it’s a い adj, otherwise it’s a na adj.
Exception：きれい、きらい are na adj.
Those 2 are the only exceptions right?
Yes
Which will be the affirmative form of kirai : KIRAIDA OR KIRADA?
きらいだ
I was wondering, on an app I’ve used before finding your site I learned that the Present Negative form of な-adjectives is formed with じゃない (すきじゃないです) and the Past Negative form is formed with じゃなかった (すきじゃなかった).
Which of the forms is correct, this one or the one you used here with ではない and ではなかった ? Or are both of them correct but used in different situations?
I renewed adj course for you. You can have a look!
What’s the difference between きれい and 美しい？
美しい：so beautiful（the degree is very high, often used to describe artwork）
綺麗：beautiful, clean