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Lesson 2: i-adj
There are six forms in i-adj.
They are Negative Form, Past Tense Form, Negative Past Tense Form, Te Form, Adverb Form, Noun Form.
| Word | Meaning |
| かわいい | cute |
| さむい | cold |
| たのしい | happy |
How to convert i-adj into different forms?
| Form | How to convert |
| Negative Form | Change the い in the end to く, and add ない or ありません. Note: 〜くありません is the polite form and 〜くない is the plain form. Examples: 1.かわいい→かわいくない/かわいくありません 2.さむい→さむくない/さむくありません 3.たのしい→たのしくない/たのしくありません |
| Past Tense Form | Change the い in the end to かった. Examples: 1.かわいい→かわいかった 2.さむい→さむかった 3.たのしい→たのしかった |
| Negative Past Tense Form | Change the い in the end to く, and add なかった/ありませんでした. Note: 〜くありませんでした is the polite form and 〜くなかった is the plain form. Examples: 1.かわいい→かわいくなかった/かわいくありませんでした 2.さむい→さむくなかった/さむくありませんでした 3.たのしい→たのしくなかった/たのしくありませんでした |
| Te Form | Change the い in the end to く, and add て.(Te Form of adjectives has nothing to do with “please”, it’s used in many Japanese grammar rules you will learn in the later grammar lessons. For example, さむくて+しょうがない→very cold.) Examples: 1.かわいい→かわいくて 2.さむい→さむくて 3.たのしい→たのしくて |
| Adverb Form | Change the い in the end to く. Examples: かわいい→かわいく(かわいく撮った写真 →Cute shot!) さむい→さむく たのしい→たのしく |
| Noun Form | Change the い in the end to さ. Examples: かわいい→かわいさ さむい→さむさ たのしい→たのしさ |
Practice:
You can use the words below to practice what you have learned today.
| Word | Meaning |
| うれしい | happy |
| あつい | hot |
| あたらしい | new |
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18 thoughts on “Lesson 2: i-adj”
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how do I know which adjective is イ and which ナ?
Nvm I got this
Just a suggestion. It’d be better if verb course has some verbs to practice with too, like in this adjective course :3 since newbies don’t really know that much vocab. Can you think about that :3
Sure, I will add it now.
Please consider adding tests to Adjective course too.
What kind of test do you want? an example please?
I would like Conjugation tests like the Verb courses’ ones. Tests that help with identifying Adjective types and conjugating their forms are much appreciated.
When would you need to change the form of adjectives? In English, there’s really no need to, so I’m a bit confused when you would use the normal form of the adjective vs any of these forms – do you have to conjugate adjectives the same as the verb in a particular sentence?
I will let you know when I added it!
thank you for this! it’s much clearer to me now. ❤️
You are welcome!
Hey Marshall! Can you use the polite form when directly modifying a noun?
i.e. 怖い話 -> 怖くありません話
Nope, it’s wrong
So plain form only, got it! By the way, I’ve seen some nouns with verbs before them, like 食べる時間 and 住む家, is there a guide on this kind of adjectival use?
Got it, I will make one to teach this kind of usage, stay tuned!
Thanks a bunch Marshall!
could you please give a sentence example of かわいさ (noun form)?
だれもが かのじょの かわいさ を みとめる。
Everyone admits that she is cute.