Basic Course
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- 96 week duration
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Adjective Course
Mission 2: i-adj
The i-adjective in Japanese has six core grammatical forms: Negative, Past Tense, Negative Past Form, Te Form, Adverbial Form, and Nominal Form.
| Word | Meaning |
| かわいい | cute |
| さむい | cold |
| たのしい | happy |
How do you change i‑adjectives into their different forms?
| Form | How to change |
| Negative Form | 【Plain Form】 Change the い in the end to く, and add ない in the end. 1.かわいい→かわいくない 2.さむい→さむくない 3.たのしい→たのしくない —————————————————————————————— 【Polite Form — often used in daily conversations】 Change the い in the end to く, and add ないです in the end. 1.かわいい→かわいくないです 2.さむい→さむくないです 3.たのしい→たのしくないです —————————————————————————————— 【Polite Form — often used in formal situations】 Change the い in the end to く, and add ありません. 1.かわいい→かわいくありません 2.さむい→さむくありません 3.たのしい→たのしくありません |
| Past Tense Form | 【Plain Form】 Change the い in the end to かった. 1.かわいい→かわいかった 2.さむい→さむかった 3.たのしい→たのしかった —————————————————————————————— 【Polite Form】 Change the い in the end to かった, and add です in the end. 1.かわいい→かわいかったです 2.さむい→さむかったです 3.たのしい→たのしかったです |
| Negative Past Tense Form | 【Plain Form】 Change the い in the end to く, and add なかった in the end. 1.かわいい→かわいくなかった 2.さむい→さむくなかった 3.たのしい→たのしくなかった —————————————————————————————— 【Polite Form — often used in daily conversations】 Change the い in the end to く, and add なかったです in the end. 1.かわいい→かわいくなかったです 2.さむい→さむくなかったです 3.たのしい→たのしくなかったです —————————————————————————————— 【Polite Form — often used in formal situations】 Change the い in the end to く, and add ありませんでした. 1.かわいい→かわいくありませんでした 2.さむい→さむくありませんでした 3.たのしい→たのしくありませんでした |
| Te Form | Change the い in the end to く, and add て.(Te Form of adjectives has nothing to do with “please”, it’s used in many Japanese grammar rules you will learn in the later grammar lessons. For example, さむくて+しょうがない→very cold.) Examples: 1.かわいい→かわいくて 2.さむい→さむくて 3.たのしい→たのしくて |
| Adverbial Form | Change the い in the end to く. Examples: かわいい→かわいく(かわいく撮った写真 →Cute shot!) さむい→さむく たのしい→たのしく |
| Nominal Form | Change the い in the end to さ. Examples: かわいい→かわいさ さむい→さむさ たのしい→たのしさ |
Practice:
You can use the words below to practice what you have learned today.
| Word | Meaning |
| うれしい | happy |
| あつい | hot |
| あたらしい | new |
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18 thoughts on “Mission 2: i-adj”
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how do I know which adjective is イ and which ナ?
Nvm I got this
Just a suggestion. It’d be better if verb course has some verbs to practice with too, like in this adjective course :3 since newbies don’t really know that much vocab. Can you think about that :3
Sure, I will add it now.
Please consider adding tests to Adjective course too.
What kind of test do you want? an example please?
I would like Conjugation tests like the Verb courses’ ones. Tests that help with identifying Adjective types and conjugating their forms are much appreciated.
When would you need to change the form of adjectives? In English, there’s really no need to, so I’m a bit confused when you would use the normal form of the adjective vs any of these forms – do you have to conjugate adjectives the same as the verb in a particular sentence?
I will let you know when I added it!
thank you for this! it’s much clearer to me now. ❤️
You are welcome!
Hey Marshall! Can you use the polite form when directly modifying a noun?
i.e. 怖い話 -> 怖くありません話
Nope, it’s wrong
So plain form only, got it! By the way, I’ve seen some nouns with verbs before them, like 食べる時間 and 住む家, is there a guide on this kind of adjectival use?
Got it, I will make one to teach this kind of usage, stay tuned!
Thanks a bunch Marshall!
could you please give a sentence example of かわいさ (noun form)?
だれもが かのじょの かわいさ を みとめる。
Everyone admits that she is cute.