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- 99 week duration
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Other Alphabet Course
Lesson 1: Learn Dakuon and Han-dakuon
Except ん（撥音）, Kana you learned in former lessons are called as Seion（清音）.
In this lesson, I will teach you Dakuon and Han-dakuon.
Dakuon（濁音）
Below are the Seion with corresponding Dakuon.
Note: Not all Seion have corresponding Dakuon.
| Seion | Dakuon |
| かきくけこ・カキクケコ “ka”, “ki”, “ku”, “ke”, “ko” | がぎぐげご・ガギグゲゴ “ga”, “gi”, “gu”, “ge”, “go” |
| さしすせそ・サシスセソ “sa”, “shi”, “su”, “se”, “so” | ざじずぜぞ・ザジズゼゾ “za”, “ji“, “zu”, “ze”, “zo” |
| たちつてと・タチツテト “ta”, “chi”, “tsu”, “te”, “to” | だぢづでど・ダヂヅデド “da”, “ji“, “zu“, “de”, “do” |
| はひふへほ・ハヒフヘホ “ha”, “hi”, “fu”, “he”, “ho” | ばびぶべぼ・バビブベボ “ba”, “bi”, “bu”, “be”, “bo” |
Notes:
| ①The pronunciation of ぢ is the same as じ, but ぢ is hardly used. If you want to type ぢ with your Japanese keyboard, you can type “di”. ②The pronunciation of づ is the same as ず. If you want to type づ with your Japanese keyboard, you can type “du”. ③It is believed that up until the Kamakura Period (12th century), these two sets of characters (じ and ぢ/ず and づ) were used separately depending on the tongue usage. However, in modern Japanese, all you need to know is the following: じ is used 99% of the time for JI. ぢ is for limited use only. (example) はなぢ(nose bleed), そこぢから(SOKOJIKARA = underlying strength), etc. ず is used 98% of the time for ZU. づ is for limited use only, just like ぢ. (example) つづく (TSUZUKU = to continue), きづく (KIZUKU = to notice), etc. Most of the time, you will use じ for JI and ず for ZU. |
Below is a video to help you remember dakuon.
Han-dakuon（半濁音）
Below are the Seion with corresponding Dakuon and Han-dakuon.
Note: Only はひふへほ・ハヒフヘホ have corresponding Han-dakuon.
| Seion | Dakuon | Han-dakuon |
| はひふへほ・ハヒフヘホ “ha”, “hi”, “fu”, “he”, “ho” | ばびぶべぼ・バビブベボ “ba”, “bi”, “bu”, “be”, “bo” | ぱぴぷぺぽ・パピプペポ “pa”, “pi”, “pu”, “pe”, “po” |
Below is a video to help you remember Han-dakuon.
Dakuon&Han-dakuon Review:
| Hiragana | Katakana | Romaji |
|---|---|---|
| が | ガ | ga |
| ぎ | ギ | gi |
| ぐ | グ | gu |
| げ | ゲ | ge |
| ご | ゴ | go |
| ざ | ザ | za |
| じ | ジ | ji |
| ず | ズ | zu |
| ぜ | ゼ | ze |
| ぞ | ゾ | zo |
| だ | ダ | da |
| ぢ | ヂ | ji |
| づ | ヅ | zu |
| で | デ | de |
| ど | ド | do |
| ば | バ | ba |
| び | ビ | bi |
| ぶ | ブ | bu |
| べ | ベ | be |
| ぼ | ボ | bo |
| ぱ | パ | pa |
| ぴ | ピ | pi |
| ぷ | プ | pu |
| ぺ | ペ | pe |
| ぽ | ポ | po |
Dakuon&Han-dakuon Test:
4616
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All JLPT N5 Words Containing Dakuon&Han-dakuon (Hiragana):
| Word | Reading | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 時間 | じかん | time |
| 以前 | いぜん | before |
| 午前 | ごぜん | morning |
| 午後 | ごご | afternoon |
| 今晩 | こんばん | tonight |
| 毎晩 | まいばん | every night |
| 月 | げつ | month |
| 先月 | せんげつ | last month |
| 今月 | こんげつ | this month |
| 来月 | らいげつ | next month |
| 外国 | がいこく | foreign country |
| 海外 | かいがい | overseas |
| 大学 | だいがく | university |
| 博物館 | はくぶつかん | museum |
| 人間 | にんげん | human |
| 全員 | ぜんいん | everyone |
| 外国人 | がいこくじん | foreigner |
| 先輩 | せんぱい | senior |
| 友達 | ともだち | friend |
| 子供 | こども | child |
| 叔父 | おじ | uncle |
| 叔母 | おば | aunt |
| 鍵 | かぎ | key |
| かばん | かばん | bag |
| 作文 | さくぶん | composition |
| 新聞 | しんぶん | newspaper |
| 地図 | ちず | map |
| 手紙 | てがみ | letter |
| 電話 | でんわ | phone |
| 灰皿 | はいざら | ashtray |
| 食べ物 | たべもの | food |
| 朝ご飯 | あさごはん | breakfast |
| 昼ご飯 | ひるごはん | lunch |
| 晩ご飯 | ばんごはん | dinner |
| お握り | おにぎり | rice ball |
| ご飯 | ごはん | rice |
| 卵 | たまご | egg |
| 唐揚げ | からあげ | fried chicken |
| 豚肉 | ぶたにく | pork |
| 果物 | くだもの | fruit |
| りんご | りんご | apple |
| 水 | みず | water |
| 上着 | うわぎ | outerwear |
| 家具 | かぐ | furniture |
| 本棚 | ほんだな | bookshelf |
| 音楽 | おんがく | music |
| 仕事 | しごと | work |
| 入り口 | いりぐち | entrance |
| 出口 | でぐち | exit |
| 階段 | かいだん | stairs |
| 玄関 | げんかん | entrance |
| 窓 | まど | window |
| 台所 | だいどころ | kitchen |
| 売り場 | うりば | sales floor |
| 体 | からだ | body |
| 喉 | のど | throat |
| 涙 | なみだ | tear |
| 元気 | げんき | energy |
| 風邪 | かぜ | common cold |
| 日本語 | にほんご | Japanese language |
| 外国語 | がいこくご | foreign language |
| 言葉 | ことば | words |
| 漢字 | かんじ | kanji |
| 左 | ひだり | left |
| 右 | みぎ | right |
| 東 | ひがし | east |
| 角 | かど | corner |
| 風 | かぜ | wind |
| 地震 | じしん | earthquake |
| 湿度 | しつど | humidity |
| 数 | かず | number |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | all |
| 半分 | はんぶん | half |
| 初めて | はじめて | first time |
| 問題 | もんだい | problem |
| 電気 | でんき | electricity |
| 緑 | みどり | green |
| 危ない | あぶない | dangerous |
| 長い | ながい | long |
| まずい | まずい | bad |
| 静か | しずか | quiet |
| 賑やか | にぎやか | busy |
| 急ぐ | いそぐ | be in a hurry |
| 選ぶ | えらぶ | to choose |
| 泳ぐ | およぐ | to swim |
| 被る | かぶる | to put on (hats) |
| 探す | さがす | to look for |
| 滑る | すべる | to slide |
| 出す | だす | to put out |
| 違う | ちがう | be different |
| 飛ぶ | とぶ | to fly |
| 並ぶ | ならぶ | to line up |
| 脱ぐ | ぬぐ | to take off (clothes) |
| 始まる | はじまる | (it) begins |
| 曲がる | まがる | be bent |
| 磨く | みがく | to polish |
| 呼ぶ | よぶ | to call |
| 上げる | あげる | to increase |
| 浴びる | あびる | to take a bath |
| 覚える | おぼえる | to remember |
| 信じる | しんじる | to believe |
| 食べる | たべる | to eat |
| 出かける | でかける | to go out |
| 出る | でる | to get out |
| 並べる | ならべる | to line up |
| 散歩する | さんぽする | to take a walk |
All JLPT N5 Words Containing Dakuon&Han-dakuon (Katakana):
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| コンビニ | convenience store |
| アルバム | album |
| タバコ | cigarette |
| ペン | pen |
| ポスト | post |
| ボタン | button |
| メガネ | glasses |
| バナナ | banana |
| ズボン | pants |
| ラジオ | radio |
| テレビ | TV |
| ダンス | dance |
| ゴルフ | golf |
| バス | bus |
| ドア | door |
| グラム | gram |
| キログラム | kilogram |
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