【8】Reading Course

Teacher

Marshall

Part 4

The sentence below is what we need to learn in this lesson.

主人しゅじんは、狼おおかみが羊ひつじの群むれを襲おそってきたら助たすけを呼よべ、そうしたら村人むらびとたちが狼おおかみを追おい払はらうから、と少しょう年ねんに言いってありました。

Before you learn the sentence, let us learn the vocabulary first.

Note: The blue kanji is clickable, will redirect you to the kanji page in a new tab.

Word	Meaning
羊ひつじの群むれ	flock of sheep
襲おそう	to attack
助たすけ	help
呼よべ	Command Form of 呼ぶ
そうしたら	Then
村人むらびと	villager
村人むらびとたち	villagers
追おい払はらう	to drive away
言いう	to say

How to read this sentence step by step?

Step 1: Find the subject/topic of this sentence by the particle は or が.

In this sentence, 主人しゅじん is the topic.

Step 2: Find the verb of this sentence. (Usually, the verb is in the end of the sentence.)

In this sentence, 言いってありました is the verb.
(Meaning: to say.)
てある：the result of actions still works. (Here, it means that what master said still works.)

Step 3: Find the object of this verb by particle を.

There is no を here. But you can find に， Person + に + 言いう means “say something to someone”.

Step 4: Combine everything we find in the steps above.

主人しゅじんは、少しょう年ねんに言いってありました。
The master said to this boy.

Step 5: Figure out the “sub part” of this sentence.

狼おおかみが羊ひつじの群むれを襲おそってきたら助たすけを呼よべ、そうしたら村人むらびとたちが狼おおかみを追おい払はらうから、と…
just call for help if the wolves come and attack the flock of sheep, because then the villagers will drive away the wolves.

The と in the end means “quote something”. In this sentence, it quotes what the master said to the boy.

〜たら: if…
〜から: because

Just in case you want to review the grammar rules, below is a table to help you.

Grammar Rule	Explanation
〜てくる	something come towards you.
〜から	because
〜てある	the result of actions still works. (Here, it means that what master said still works.)

主人しゅじんは、狼おおかみが羊ひつじの群むれを襲おそってきたら助たすけを呼よべ、そうしたら村人むらびとたちが狼おおかみを追おい払はらうから、と少しょう年ねんに言いってありました。
The master said to the boy that just call for help if the wolves come and attack the flock of sheep, because then the villagers will drive away the wolves.